United Kingdom-42 missile destroyer _ small fish

D-80 "Sheffield", 42 missile destroyer (a) development background and plans 1.42- of United Kingdom Naval Research 42 destroyer by request began in 1966. Why study at this time, its 42-type as follows: background United Kingdom originally built CVA-01 and CVA-02 two new aircraft carrier to replace 50 's construction of aircraft carriers, 1966 United Kingdom canceled build 2 new aircraft carrier plan. Subsequently, as the two new aircraft carrier escort of 82-type large missile destroyer construction plan consists of 4 ships to 1. Therefore, if not to develop new destroyers, into the late 1970s, in addition to the 1-82, the United Kingdom is not level performance advanced missile destroyer. 8 ship, built in the 60 's "County" (County)-class light cruiser (later renamed the guided missile destroyer) into the 1980s after the need for new level of destroyers to replace. In the 1960s and early 1970s by the carriers adapted amphibious assault ship by the next generation in command of the destroyer escort. New carrier although cessation of production, but the British Navy decided to create a new "magic" 2 (Invincible)-class light carriers also need to provide a new generation of destroyers and anti-submarine escort force air defense. 1966 United Kingdom naval staff officially released the design of next-generation destroyers, mainly used for task formation area air defense, at the same time requires anti-submarine and on sea combat capability, either as a naval task group members and independent operations. 42-first-to-ship "Sheffield" number of schedule is as follows: United Kingdom Navy destroyers, the official presentation of the new requirements 1966 United Kingdom Navy approval 42 destroyer design 1968 first-order 1968 in November first ship started in 1970 5/ first ship launched in 1972 June first-to-ship service February 1975 D-86 "Birmingham" D-87 " Newcastle", 2. construction plan 42-type of construction plans in three batches. The first ship-to-6, the "Sheffield" (Sheffield), "Coventry" (Coventry), the "Birmingham" (Birm-ingham), "Newcastle" (Newcastle), the "Glasgow" (Glasglow), "Cardiff" (Cardiff). The "Sheffield", and "Coventry" in 1982 Malvinas war at sea in the sinking of the "Sheffield" number is "flying fish" air-to-ship missile hit the fire, sank in the towage, "Coventry" number is the bomb hit and sunk. This group of warships in addition to the first-to-ship, in 1971-1973, 1976-1979. The second group of warships to "Eext" (Exeter), "Southampton" (Southampton), "Nottingham" (Nottinghan) and "Liverpool" (Liverpoo1), a total of 4 ships, 1976-1977, 1980-1983. The third batch-to-ship "Manchester" (Mancherster) and "Gloster" (Gloucester), the "Edinburgh" (Edingburgh) and "York" (York), a total of 4 ships, 1978-1979, 1982-1985. Batch-to-ship from Kham, Laird (Cammellaird) · company, Vosper thornycroft (VosperThonycroft) company, "Vickers" (Vickers) company and "Swan · Hunter" (SwanHunter) company built four shipyards. In addition, 42-export Argentina 2, 1 in the United Kingdom, 1 in Argentina. According to the 1990 United States Defense market report, 42-type of ship-to-ship cost in 80 million to 1 billion pounds. D-88 "Glasgow" D-89 "Exeter" D-90 "Southampton ", 3.42- of mission tasks 42 destroyer's mission is to carrier battle group or other combat formations of the convoy, which is the level to air defense-oriented multipurpose guided missile destroyer. The line-specific tasks as follows: ① responsible carrier battle group Commander of air defense and anti-submarine tasks; ② assume other combat formations of air defense and anti-submarine escort tasks; ③ shore battle of gun fire support ; ④ perform surveillance, blockades, rescue, and other tasks. (Ii) the overall performance and equipment 1. warship- 42-for senior side flat deck-type double rudder-propeller powered destroyers fired wide. Hull style press in still water and sea has the best cruise speed and maximum speed. The main hull next door to the main transverse to divided18 a hand, ships within two layers on the main deck, transversely next to 2 deck watertight. 42-superstructure is divided into two parts before and after the break. 2. the main displacement scale and standard discharge volumes (tonnes): 3150 (I, Ⅱ batch), 3500 (Ⅲ batch) full load displacement (tons): 4150 (I, Ⅱ batch), 4675 (Ⅲ batch) length (meters): 125.0 (I, Ⅱ batch), 141.1 (Ⅲ batch) water cord length (meters): 119.5 (I, Ⅱ batch), 132.3 (Ⅲ batch) maximum width (m): 14.9 (Ⅲ batch) water line width (m): 9.0 (1, Ⅱ and Ⅲ batch) draught (m): 4.3 (I, Ⅱ batch), 4.1 (Ⅲ batch) 3. speed and life maximum speed (knots): 29 (I, Ⅱ batch), 30 (Ⅲ batch) cruising speed (knots): 18 (I, Ⅱ and Ⅲ batch) vessels (Kts) 4000/18 ((I, Ⅱ batch), 4500/18 (Ⅲ batch) 4. fragility force, airworthiness 42-45 of self-sustained power for days and nights. 42-set 2 on fixed fin, in speed when the remaining 20kn roll angle is 3 °. 5. staffing 42-I, Ⅱ of batch-to-ship to 253, 24, saying officers have shops 312. 42-Ⅲ batch-to-ship of 301 employees, including officers 26. 6. Highline 42 naval first main gun and "Sea Dart" missile launchers, and a lift device used to support receive receive "Sea Dart" missiles and generally dry. Central 1022 radar pillars surrounding wall on both sides set 2 liquid cargo supply stations. Preceding the superstructure of the backend side corner located 2 filling station to recharge dry goods and supply of liquid cargo. 7. Naval structure and strength 42-primary hull and superstructure with steel structures, hull used longitudinal skeleton structure, "a high as 2.44m. Important parts of the selection of A-class high-strength steel, yield point to other parts of the selection 313.6MPa, B-grade steel, its yield point to 251MPa. Longitudinal strength of hull design bending moment of select is such a consideration of £ 42-25 years in the North Atlantic service period of life, only 1 percent probability of exceeding the design bending moment. Having 8. ① 1 seat Twin Pack GWS30 "Sea Dart" ship-to-air missile launcher, the layout of the front deck, guided missile fired by X. ② 1 block, MK8-type single-tube 114nlnl gun, layout to the front deck. ③ 2 or 4 "Oliver Ken" GAM-B01 20mm gun and 2 "Oliver Ken" MK7A20mm gun, layout to the first deck superstructure 02 provided and at the end of the superstructure deck starboard 01. ④ 2 seater MKl5-six tube 20mm small-bore artillery "phalanx" short-range weapons system, configured to either side of the central chimney 01 deck starboard. ⑤ 1 "Bobcat" anti-submarine helicopters, MK46 or "shop fish" light torpedo, set fixed hangar. ⑥ 2 seater STWSMK2-Triple Pack anti-submarine torpedo tubes, layout in chimney after 01 deck may be, you can launch the MK46 or "shop fish" anti-submarine torpedoes. Ⅲ batch-to-ship loading is STWSMK3-torpedo tubes. ⑦ 4 six-tube "sea mosquito" (Seagnat) interfere with the rockets. I, Ⅱ batch-to-2, after the bridge deck starboard 02, 2 seater configuration at the end of the superstructure of front-end starboard; 4 Ⅲ batch vessels are arranged at the front end of the superstructure deck starboard 01. ⑧ 182 or towed torpedo decoy SLQ-25A, mounted in the tail. 9. the main electronic equipment (1) radar ① air surveillance radar: 1 of 1022 radar, after the bridge layout on top of the superstructure of cylindrical platform. ② sea/air surveillance and target designation radar: 996-radar part 1, configure the following at the top of the mast. Wbr > ③ navigation radar: part 1-1007-1008, or radar for navigation and helicopter boot, mounted on the top of the mast in front of a small platform. ④ fire control radar: 2 909-fire control radar used to "sea Javelin homing missile tracking", can also be used for artillery fire control. 2 909 radar layout section in the front and rear respectively, of the superstructure top level radar antenna has a cylindrical radome. (2) sonar ① vessel shell sonar: part 1-2050 or 2016-medium frequency active sonar search and attack. ② identification sonar: part 1-sonar 162M, used to detect and identify the target of underwater targets and Harbour. (3) EW equipment ① 1Set UAA-2 or UAT-1 electronic reconnaissance systems. ② 1Set 670-Jammer (I set), II, batch-to-ship handling 1 Ⅲ set 675 (2)-Jammer. (4) navigation system 42 naval navigation system consists of 2 units MKl9 platform-diameter, 1 set of AGI log, 1 set of "Omega" receivers, 1 set of "card" receivers and helicopter navigation system, etc. (5) communication system 42 naval communication systems by ICS integrated communication system. First I batch-to-ship equipment is ICS-2A integrated communication system; the third batch of ship equipment is ICS-3 integrated communication system; under ICS-3 integrated communication system start time equipment ships, destroyers are likely Ⅱ batch of both equipment and equipment ICS-2 ICS-3, head 2 after loading ICS-2, 2 Pack ICS-3. 42 naval communication means have SCOT-IC satellite communication (2 sets), medium and short wave transceiver equipment, FM (VHF, UHF) communication equipment and the corresponding range end terminal equipment, etc. (6) fire control system ① 1Set GWS30-2 "Sea Dart" missile fire control system. ② 1Set GSAl gun fire control system. ③ 2 Radamec2100 series photoelectric fire control system. (7) combat command and control system I, Ⅱ batch-loaded ADAWS-7 combat data automatic weapons system, and equipped with SCOT-1C satellite communications, 10, 11 and 14, the data link, will hold 16 Datalink. Ⅲ batch-loaded ADAWS-8 combat data automatic weapons system, and equipped with SCOT-iC satellite communications, 10, 11, 14, JTIDS datalink, joint tactical information distribution system, 16 Datalink. ADAWS-7 and ADAWS-8 are operational command and weapon control and command system. D-91 "Nottingham" D-92 "Liverpool" D-95 " Manchester" 10. combat capability (1) on an empty combat capability on empty fire consists of three levels: "Sea Dart" missile for the formation of regional air defense, its range of 40km, 1022 radar effect distance 265km 114mm gun for medium-range, air defence, air operations, in addition to high 6km GSAl gun fire control system, the "Sea Dart" system of 909 radar also doubles as a fire control radar, short-range air defense artillery with three small-calibre: 2 seater MKl5-six tube 20mm short-range weapons system, effective range 1500m, emissivity 3000 rounds/min; GAM-B01-20mm Cannon, firing range, emissivity 2km 1000 rounds/min; MKTA-20mm Cannon, firing 2km, emissivity/min 800 rounds. In addition, air defense also use electronic warfare and interfere with rocket and other soft kill weapons. (2) anti-submarine warfare capabilities anti-submarine firepower from the second level of composition: "Bobcat" helicopters perform remote anti-submarine, its voyage about 600km, with 2 "shop fish" anti-submarine torpedoes or MK11-3-depth charge; STWSMK2-triple torpedo tubes to launch the "shop fish" anti-submarine torpedoes for short-range anti-submarine, the "torpedo" journey of 45kn 11km. In addition, 42 naval been torpedo attack, available for towed torpedo decoy 182. (3) on sea combat capability on remote operation capability by providing "Bobcat" helicopter, perform tasks can bring the anti-ship 4 ASl2 wire-guided anti-ship missile or 4 "Seagull" anti-ship missile, "Seagull" rangeof 15km. "Hai Biao" missile has a certain ability of anti-ship. 114mm artillery on sea range 22km, in addition, two 20 mm cannon can be used to deal with the short distance of small craft. 1 seat twin "Sea Dart" missile launcher; 1 seat tube MK8-114n dish gun; 2 or 4 Oliver Ken GAM-B01-20mm Cannon; 2, Olivier Ken MK7A20mm Cannon; 2 seat six tube MKl5-20mm "phalanx" short-range weapons system; 2 seater triple STWSMK3-torpedo hairShooting tube; 4 six-tube "mosquito" interference rocket sea; SCOT-1C satellite communications systems; 675 (2) Jammer; 1022-air surveillance radar; 996-sea/air surveillance and target designation radar; one-or-1007 1008; navigation radar 2 909-"sea Javelin missile fire control radar"; 1 "Bobcat" I-1M.A3/8 helicopters. 11. power plant 42-to-use alternative to use of the whole COGOG fueled power plant. I, Ⅱ batch-to-ship: 2 Olin pusi TM3B gas turbines, each continuous 18.38MW (25000hp); 2 too, because RMlC cruise gas turbine power each continued to 3.64MW (4950hp). Ⅲ batch-to-ship: 2 Olin pusi TM3B gas turbines, each continuing power to 18.38MW (25000hp); 2 too, because RM1C cruise gas turbine power each continued to 3.92MW (5340hp). Units are installed in a sealed tank body. TM3B host tank body size, weighing about 20.5t 6.8m×2.4m×3.Om. RMlC host tank body size, weighing about 7.1t 4.3m×l.6m×l.7m. Set front auxiliary engine room, the former host, the host module and back after the auxiliary engine room 4 cabin layout. Former host cabin layout 2 TM3B main gas turbine and its ancillary equipment, etc., the near and at TM3B configured fuel filters, oil separators, air compressors, fin a pair and into the exhaust port. After the host cabin located 2 PLMlC cruise gas turbine and auxiliary equipment. RMlC front-end layout 2 primary reduction gear, on both sides of the layout of the air compressor, oil supply system, fuel filters, oil separators, and other auxiliary equipment. In addition, there are a couple of fin. Former slave cabin layout 2 v-16 cylinder Ruston PaxmanYJCAZ diesel generator, a stand-alone capacity 1000kW, 440V, 60Hz 1200r/min, speed. Also equipped with two air conditioning unit, 1 air compressors and other equipment. After the slave cabin layout 2 diesel generator sets, models, performance, and the same former slave cabin. Also equipped with two air conditioning unit, model and performance with the same front auxiliary engine. In addition, there are two auxiliary boiler for heating, cooking and living building water used, the working pressure is 0.686MPa, evaporation is 2041kg/h; 2 distillation unit, each of the water capacity of 63t/d. Air conditioning equipment in normal situations, 3 desk work, 1 bed extra. 4 diesel generators, total installed capacity to 4000kW, normally, 2, 1 single standby, 1 maintenance. TM3B host via the diaphragm coupling and automatically synchronizes the main clutch and gearbox of the planetary gear meshing; RMIC cruise host through a separate reduction gear to gear, and then enter the primary reduction gear. Propeller to 2 SMM company 5 leaf blades variable pitch propeller, materials for super stone 70 alloy, a corrosion-resistant high-strength copper alloy. Propeller hub material for Porto-Novo stone (Novostone) alloy. 4 diesel generator set providing 450V60Hz AC power, the total installed capacity to 4000kW, saying set six distribution centres. Normally the use of two units, one alternate, one the maintenance. Engine room control room has the following features: gas turbine selection, start and stop; speed up the machine and the transition between the cruise machine; just cars, parking and full power within the scope of the regulation; cabin auxiliary equipment of start, stop and control; integrated electronic control, monitoring and alarm; damage control and three prevention alarm and display. D-96 "HMS" D-97 "Edinburgh" D-98 "York" D-108 "qadif" , (iii) technical characteristics analysis and commentary 42 destroyer of I and II batch-batch originally reflected the 1970s United Kingdom destroyer level, after the devastating lesson from the island of naval warfare, 42-workers, Ⅱ batch of ship-to-air combat capability and the ability to fire a profound lack of reflection, to this end, I, Ⅱ batch-to-ship converted for modernization. Ⅲ batch-to-ship completely eliminates I, Ⅱ batch-to-ship's shortcomings, lengthened 16.1m, enlarged the displacement, equipped with modern equipment, the 42-General met the late 80 's the level of technology, it still is the world's representative a midsize missile destroyer, with features as follows: 1. compact design, good cost-effectiveness ratio of medium- guided missile destroyer 42 naval is level with the formation of regional air defense-oriented multipurpose guided missile destroyer, a combination of regional capacity on anti-submarine warfare capability shortfalls, no equipment specialized anti-ship missiles. Even so, 42-size, this is the level design is compact, cost-effectiveness ratio very good typical medium guided missile destroyer. 2.COGOG cogag alternate power representatives of 42 naval is a Western States Navy medium surface vessels used in the way of the turn of whole burning COGOG momentum on behalf of the ship, using dedicated cruise gas turbine, improves the efficiency of the cruise time and fuel economy, power plant aliveTerritories have a big impact. I, Ⅱ batch-to-ship the original cruise gas turbine is too because RMlA in future modernization modifications in the economics for RMlC, more enhanced. Power unit with excellent maneuverability, added to the ship-to-start from the hosts to full cycle takes about 30 seconds. 3. Drawing on the lessons learned from the island of naval battle of heavy improved draw lessons from the improved Island Naval frigates of the air, fire and operational command. Air combat capability improvement reflected in: since the island sea battle, I, Ⅱ batch-to-ship on 965R remote air surveillance radar by new 1022 radar alternative, performance is greatly improved, with the exception of moving target display, increased frequency agility and pulse compression technique; in 1986 and naval surveillance after 992Q intermediate target designation radar from a 996-medium-light multi-purpose three-dimensional radar replaced, 996-radar design flexible, adaptable, high power transmission, wide-band frequency agile, pulse compression, advanced signal processing and modular structure, and other technology; with 2-4, Oliver declined to 20mm cannon and 2, United States-6 tube of MKl5 20mm "phalanx" short-range weapons systems; improvement of EW coefficient, using UUA-2 (or UAT-1) electronic reconnaissance systems, 670-675 or (2)-Jammer and "mosquito" interference rocket sea form a comprehensive quick reaction of electronic warfare systems. Fire prevention capacity improvement reflected in: improved damage control system; the use of flame-resistant and non-toxic cables. Operational command capability improvement reflected in 1996 in batch-to-ship "Edinburgh Ⅲ", equipped with JTIDS joint tactical information distribution system, 1998 equipment other Ⅲ batch-to-ship and ship-to-Ⅱ batch. 4. the General layout is quite compact, distinctive 42-comparison of the overall layout, the cab is spacious and is compact and sight, 2 deck starboard operates through the inner channel to ship and important cabin vitality. 5. the use of a command and fire control in one of battle command system operational command and control in one ADAWS-7 and ADAWS-8 system has the advantage of good operational command capability, fast reaction time, the disadvantage is that vitality relative to less. 42 naval deficiencies is, compared with similar foreign ship, ship-to-Member of to live and work in the cabin is spacious, Ⅲ batch-to-long relaxation has improved. 42-destroyer is extremely expensive 82-destroyers of cheap Edition, 82-destroyers as previously planned CVA-01 carrier by frigates only, because the plan is cancelled, CVA-01 and 82-only complete a Bristol number. Invincible-class carrier development in the beginning does not intend to operate the helicopter, and early warning, 42-destroyer's main task is to invincible-class as the center of carrier battle group provides the necessary air defence post. 42-also known as the Sheffield-class, first ship to Sheffield, completed in 1975, after being built five-a-42, as well as four very similar-2-42. 42-3 and 22-frigate II/III, will ship Ting long to improve resistance to sea, traveling and living spaces. It is worth noting that the 42-3-as the ship length extension allows the ship structural strength, thus adding significant ship side plates, substrate, as armed with a/b-no change, however ship of sensing systems are after a considerable improvement. 42-3-4 are in 1982 to 1985, the battle ship operation duration estimates for 22 years. D-118 "Coventry"